17- 19 There has also been little improvement in the primary prevention of mental disorders, with clear gaps in both the evidence and implementation of such interventions. 15, 16 These side effects often result in medication discontinuation and distress and can negatively impact patients’ lives. 13 For many people with mental disorders, psychotropic medication does not result in clinically meaningful improvement in the long-term, and side effects such as significant weight gain, 12 elevated blood glucose levels, and loss of sexual interest, among others, 14 are considerable. However, the long-term treatment effects of pharmacotherapy are being questioned. Pharmacological treatments, including antidepressants 11 and antipsychotics, 12 are still the frontline strategy for symptom management. In fact, rates of common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety appear to even be increasing among the younger generations. 10 However, current approaches have not been sufficient to further reduce the prevalence of these disorders at a population level – in fact, that prevalence has remained almost stable over the last 30 years worldwide. 6- 9Įxpenses in mental health care, led by expenses in pharmacological interventions, have increased substantially over the last decades. 5 Risk factors associated with this high rate of physical comorbidities are a genetic vulnerability in people with mental disorders, side effects of pharmacological treatments, and a poor lifestyle, including unhealthy eating habits, substance abuse, poor sleep, low levels of physical activity, and long periods spent on sedentary behavior. ![]() 1 The mental health burden is further compounded by a high prevalence of comorbid somatic disorders, 2- 4 leading to a life expectancy 15 to 20 years shorter when compared to that of the general population. ![]() It is estimated that approximately 12% of the global population suffered from a mental disorder in 2019, accounting for roughly 5% of the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 16% of the years lived with disability worldwide. Mental disorders are highly prevalent and burdensome.
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